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ALERT is an acronym for Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time, which is a method of using remote sensors in the field to transmit environmental data to a central computer in real time.

The Buffalo National River Hydrologic Data System is operated and maintained by the National Park Service to collect rainfall and river level data from stations located in the Buffalo National River drainage watershed. The stations report data using radio transmitters to a computer base station in Harrison, Arkansas. Data values are transmitted on timed intervals and when the measured data changes by a significant amount. The data from these stations are presented in rainfall reports, river level reports, watershed maps, station charts, and river level hydrograph plots.

The City of Dallas installed 63 ALERT sensor locations and two base station computers in 1990 with the stormwater automation project. Currently the City has 88 locations. The ALERT system monitors rainfall, stream level, temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, and lift station status at various locations around the city. The ALERT sensor data is transmitted by VHF radio to one of five receiver/microwave stations around the City. The five microwave channels are combined and sent to the City of Dallas Department of Street Services base station. When the reports are received at the base station, they are validated, and stored in the database on the primary computer. A backup base station computer is updated as each report is received keeping it constantly up to date for use if the primary computer fails. Base station operators can view the data as raw data, a tabular report, a graph, or a graphical display on either the primary or backup computer. Every ten minutes map graphics and tabular reports are compiled and uploaded to the web server.

The Flood Control District of Maricopa County operates a rain, stream, and weather gage network which provides current or "real time" information about rainfall, stormwater runoff, and weather conditions in Maricopa County. Currently, the District has installed and maintains 240 automatic rain gages, 111 automatic stream gages, and 18 automatic weather stations throughout Maricopa and neighboring counties. The information provided by the ALERT system is important to the District because occasional heavy rainfall can generate stream flows which significantly impact flood control facilities such as dams and channels. The information is also received by the National Weather Service and used in conjunction with other data to issue flash flood warnings and other weather advisories. The ALERT system data is also valuable after a storm. The stored data is used to reconstruct a storm event to show the origin of flooding problems and provide data for use in floodplain studies, computer modeling of watersheds, and design of future flood control structures.

NovaLynx is an industry leader in the design, fabrication, and integration of meteorological systems. Using the best possible combination of sensors, signal conditioning, and data acquisition technologies, NovaLynx can customize and fit any combination of meteorological sensors and signal processing equipment to customer applications.

A flood warning system has been implemented by the City of Roseville for many of the areas which are within or adjacent to the 100-year floodplain. Seven creeks and streams, draining the 80-square-mile Upper Dry Creek Basin, pass through and join within the city limits of Roseville. As a result of this geographical fact, portions of the city lie within flood hazard areas, as was evidenced by the 1986 and 1995 floods. Roseville's flood warning system is designed to provide residents with up to a three hour advance warning of flooding within the 100-year floodplain.

The Santa Clara Valley Water District (District) is a special district, created by an act of the state legislature, that provides for the water supply and flood management needs of Santa Clara County's 1.6 million residents. The District began installation of its ALERT system in 1983, and its system currently includes: 44 rain gauges, 38 streamflow gauges, 11 reservoir gauges, and 1 weather station. The real time data are is internally at the District to monitor hydrologic conditions in support of maintenance and operations functions, as well as to make flow projections on some of the larger watersheds. For flow forecast purposes, data reports are exported from the ALERT database for input into hydrologic models. Such models are used to forecast a range of possible peak reservoir and stream levels. While the District does not engage in "Flood Warning" (this function is performed by NWS), the District does act in an advising capacity to the various agencies that may also be monitoring hydrologic conditions. To facilitate such monitoring, external users--including NWS, various cities in Santa Clara County, and agencies in adjacent counties--may have direct phone modem access to the ALERT database. In early 1998, current ALERT data became accessible through the District's website.

The Urban Drainage and Flood Control District was established by the Colorado legislature in 1969, for the purpose of assisting local governments in the Denver metropolitan area with multi-jurisdictional drainage and flood control problems. The District covers an area of 1608 square miles and includes Denver, parts of the 5 surrounding counties, and all or parts of 33 incorporated cities and towns. There are about 1600 miles of "major drainageways" which are defined as draining at least 1000 acres. The present population of the District is approximately 2.2 million people. An Early Flood Detection System was installed to monitor current weather and flood conditions in the district area.

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